
Publications
Journal Articles
Welfare of Breeding Dogs
- Barnard S, Flint H, Diana A, Shreyer T, Arrazola A, Serpell J, et al. (2023) Management and behavioral factors associated with rehoming outcomes of dogs retired from commercial breeding kennels. PLoS ONE 18(3): e0282459. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282459
- Boone, G., Romaniuk, A. C., Barnard, S., Shreyer, T., & Croney, C. (2022). The Effect of Early Neurological Stimulation on Puppy Welfare in Commercial Breeding Kennels. Animals, 13(1), 71. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/1/71
- Romaniuk, A. C., Barnard, S., Weller, J. E., Weng, H. Y., Dangoudoubiyam, S., & Croney, C. (2022). Dam (Canis familiaris) Welfare throughout the Peri-Parturient Period in Commercial Breeding Kennels. Animals, 12(20), 2820.
- Romaniuk, A.C., Diana, A., Barnard, S., Weller, J.E., Espinosa, U.B., Dangoudoubiyam, S., Shreyer, T., Arnott, G., Croney, C. (2022). The effect of transportation on puppy welfare from commercial breeding kennels to a distributor. Animals 12, 3379. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233379
- Barnard, S., Flint, H., Shreyer, T., & Croney, C. (2021). Evaluation of an easy-to-use protocol for assessing behaviors of dogs retiring from commercial breeding kennels. PLoS ONE, 16(8), e0255883. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255883
- Pritchett, M., Barnard, S., & Croney, C. (2021). Socialization in commercial breeding kennels: The use of novel stimuli to measure social and non-social fear in dogs. Animals, 11, 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030890.
- Croney, C.C. (2019) Turning up the volume on man’s best friend: Ethical issues associated with commercial dog breeding. Journal of Applied Animal Ethics Research, 1(2), 230-252. https://doi.org/10.1163/25889567-12340011
- Stella, J., Shreyer, T., Ha, J., & Croney, C. (2019). Improving canine welfare in commercial breeding (CB) operations: Evaluating rehoming candidates. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 220, 104861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2019.104861
- Mugenda, L., Shreyer, T., & Croney, C. (2019). Refining canine welfare assessment in kennels: evaluating the reliability of Field Instantaneous Dog Observation (FIDO) scoring. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 221, 104874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2019.104874
- Bir, C., Widmar, N.J.O., & Croney, C.C. (2019). U.S. Resident's perceptions of dog welfare needs and canine welfare information sources. Journal of Applied Welfare Science, 22(1), 42-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2018.1476862
- Bir, C., Widmar, N.O., & Croney, C. (2018). Exploring social desirability bias in perceptions of dog adoption: All's well that ends well? Or does the method of adoption matter? Animals, 8(9), 154. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8090154
- Stella, J., Hurt, M., Bauer, A., Gomes, P., Ruple, A., Beck, A., & Croney, C. (2018). Does flooring substrate impact kennel and dog cleanliness in commercial breeding facilities? Animals, 8(4), 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani8040059
- Stella, J.L., Bauer A.E., & Croney, C.C. (2018) A cross sectional study to estimate prevalence of periodontal disease in a population of dogs (Canis familiaris) in commercial breeding facilities in Indiana and Illinois. PLoS ONE 13(1), e0191395. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191395
- Stella, J., Bauer, A., & Croney, C.C. (2018). Evaluating the validity and reliability of a visual dental scale for detection of periodontal disease (PD) in non-anesthetized dogs (Canis familiaris). PLOS One, 13(9), e0203930. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203930
- Bauer, A.E., Jordan, M., Colon, M., Shreyer, T., & Croney C.C. (2017). Evaluating FIDO: Developing and pilot testing the Field Instantaneous Dog Observation tool. Pet Behaviour Science, 4, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.21071/pbs.v0i4.5766
- Bir, C., Widmar, N.J.O., & Croney, C.C. (2017). Stated preferences for dog characteristics and sources of acquisition. Animals, 7(8), 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani7080059
Feline Welfare
- Frayne, J., MacDonald Murray, S., Croney, C., Flickinger, E., Edwards, M., & Shoveller, A.K. (2019). The behavioural effects of innovative litter developed to attract cats. Animals, 9(9), 683. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9090683
- Stella, J. & Croney, C. (2019). Coping styles in the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) and implications for cat welfare. Animals, 9(6), 370. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060370
- Stella, J. L., Croney, C.C., & Buffington, C.T. (2017). Behavior and welfare of domestic cats housed in cages larger than US norm. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 20(3), 296-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2017.1317252
- Stella, J.L. & Croney, C.C. (2016). Management practices of cats owned by faculty, staff, and students at two midwest veterinary schools. The Scientific World Journal, 2016, 7108374. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7108374
- Stella, J.L. & Croney, C.C. (2016). Environmental aspects of domestic cat care and management: implications for cat welfare. The Scientific World Journal, 2016, 6296315. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6296315
- Bir, C., Widmar, N.J.O., & Croney, C.C. (2016). The whole “kitten”- caboodle: Perceived differences in veterinary and general population opinions regarding cat behavior and health. Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 6(12), 177. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojvm.2016.612021
Agricultural Animal Bioethics
- Widmar, N.J.O., Morgan, C.J., & Croney, C.C. (2017). Perceptions of social responsibility of prominent animal welfare groups. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 21(1), 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888705.2017.1365000.
- Morgan, C.J., Widmar, N.J.O., Wilcoxc, M.D., & Croney, C.C. (2017). Perceptions of agriculture and food corporate social responsibility. Journal of Food Products Marketing, 24(2), 146-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2017.1266550
- Widmar, N.O., Morgan, C.J., Wolf, C.A., Yeager, E.A., Dominick, S.R., & Croney, C.C. (2017). US resident perceptions of dairy cattle management practices. Agricultural Sciences, 8(7), 77980. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2017.87049
- Morgan, C.J., Widmar, N.O., Yeager, E.A., Downey, W.S., & Croney, C.C. (2016). Perceptions of social responsibility of prominent fast food restaurants. Modern Economy, 7(6), 704-714. https://doi.org/10.4236/me.2016.76074
- Morgan, C.J., Dominick, S.R., Widmar, N.J.O., Yeager, E.A., & Croney, C.C. (2016). Perceptions of corporate social responsibility of prominent fast food establishments by university students. Journal of Food Distribution Research, 47(3), 18-31. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.249997
- Cummins, A.M., Widmar, N.J.O., Croney, C.C., & Fulton, J.R. (2016). Exploring agritourism experience and perceptions of pork production. Agricultural Sciences, 7(4), 239. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2016.74024
Other
- Wires, C., Hoffman, R., Talbert, A., Brady, C., O’Haire, M., & Croney C. (2021). Ability to interpret and apply animal behavior and welfare terminology by adults within the horse industry. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 100, 103574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103574
- Croney, C.C. & Boysen, S.T. (2021). Acquisition of a joystick-operated video task by pigs (Sus scrofa). Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 631755. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631755
- Robinson, E., Templeman, J., Thornton, E., Croney, C., Niel, L. & Shoveller, A.K. (2020). Investigating the effects of increased soluble fiber and incremental exercise on the voluntary physical activity and behaviour of sled dogs. Journal of Animal Science, 98, Supplement 4, 56–57. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.102
- Robinson, E., Templeman, J.R., Thornton, E., Croney, C.C., Niel, L., & Shoveller, A.K. (2020). Investigating the effects of incremental conditioning and supplemental dietary tryptophan on the voluntary activity and behaviour of mid-distance training sled dogs. PloS One, 15(8), e0232643. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232643
- Robinson, E., Thornton, E., Templeman, J.R., Croney, C.C., Niel, L. & Shoveller, A.K., (2021). Changes in behaviour and voluntary physical activity exhibited by sled dogs throughout incremental exercise conditioning and intermittent rest days. Animals, 11(1), 118. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010118
- Ni, J., Erasmus, M.A., Croney, C.C., Li, C. & Li, Y. (2020). A critical review of advancement in scientific research on food animal welfare-related air pollution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 408, 124468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124468
Extension Papers, Handouts and Other Publications
Welfare of Breeding Dogs
- Prenatal stress and puppies: Implications for dog welfare in commercial-breeding kennels. Aynsley Romaniuk and Candace Croney.
- Meeting the behavioral needs of kenneled dogs. Aitor Arrazola, Taylor Rezvani, and Candace Croney.
- Addressing Giardia in Kennels: Implications for Canine Health, Management and Welfare. Sriveny Dangoudoubiyam, Andrew Pietraniec, Kathleen Burke, Joseph Camp, Candace Croney.
- Early Neurological Stimulation (ENS): Implications for canine welfare and management. Grace Boone, Aynsley Romaniuk and Candace Croney.
- Does Long-term tethering of dogs negatively impact their well-being? Aynsely Romaniuk, Hannah Flint and Candace Croney.
- Setting Puppies and Dogs Up for Success: Designing Kennels with Behavior and Welfare Considerations in Mind. Candace Croney and Traci Shreyer, written for the American Kennel Club
- Temperature Requirements for Dogs. Mary Jordan, Amy Bauer, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- The Role of Caretaker Interactions in Environmental Enrichment for Kenneled Dogs. Moriah Hurt, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Factors that Impact Dog Selection and Welfare. Amy Bauer and Candace Croney
- Preventing periodontal disease in dogs. Andrew Pietraniec, Amy Bauer, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Enterprise Budgeting and Partial Budgeting for Dog Breeders. Courtney Bir, Nicole Olynk Widmar and Candace Croney
- Animal Welfare Concepts: Applications to Dogs. Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Auditory Stress: Implications for Kenneled Dog Welfare. Morgan Garvey, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Kenneled Dog Welfare: Challenges of Field Assessment. Moriah Hurt, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Overpopulation or Too Many Unwanted Pets? Perspective on Concepts and Management Approaches. Amy Bauer, Alan Beck, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Implementing Environmental Enrichment for Dogs. Morgan Garvey, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Welfare Implications of Dental Health in Commercial Breeding Dogs. Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Implications of Weaning Age for Dog Welfare. Moriah Hurt, Judith Stella and Candace Croney
- Assessing Kennel Dog Welfare. Moriah Hurt, Judith Stella and Candace Croney.
- Brucella canis: Emerging zoonotic disease? Implications for commercial breeding kennels and public health. Judith Stella and Candace Croney.
- Promoting the Welfare of Kenneled Dogs: Environmental Considerations. Moriah Hurt, Courtney Daigle and Candace Croney.
- Effects of Flooring on Animal Health and Well-Being: Implications for Kenneled Dogs. Candace Croney, Courtney Daigle, Moriah Hurt and Judith Stella.
- Promoting the Welfare of Kenneled Dogs: Space Allocations and Exercise. Moriah Hurt, Courtney Daigle and Candace Croney
Canine Welfare Science Educational Resources
Environment - Enrichment
- Environmental Enrichment in Kennels
- Quick Tips for Kennel Environmental Enrichment
- Canine Environmental Enrichment Log Handout
Environment - Kennel Design
- Incorporating Canine Behavior and Welfare Into Kennel Design
- Quick Tips for Kennel Design with Behavior and Welfare Considerations
Behavior - Puppy Early Exposure and Socialization
- Early Exposure For Puppies
- Puppy Socialization
- Quick Tips for Puppy Socialization and Early Exposure
- Puppy Socialization and Early Exposure Checklist
Behavior - Body Handling
- Quick Tips for Success: Puppy Body Handling
- Puppy Body Handling Checklist
- Quick Tips For Success: Adult Dog Body Handling
- Adult Dog Body Handling Checklist
Behavior - Body Language
Behavioral Wellness
Handouts
- Establishing Standards for Care and Welfare of Dogs in Commercial Breeding Facilities
- Rehoming Breeding Dogs
- Enrichment in Kennels
- Basics of Socialization
Other
- Setting Puppies and Dogs Up for Success: Designing Kennels with Behavior and Welfare Considerations in Mind. Candace Croney and Traci Shreyer, written for the American Kennel Club
- How Dogs Communicate with their Body Language. PurinaProClub.com
Feline Welfare
- Assessing the Welfare of Cats Housed in Cages. Judith Stella and Candace Croney.
- Enhancing the welfare of caged cats through environmental management: The importance of routine and cage environment. Judith Stella, Megan LaFollette and Candace Croney
- Enhancing the welfare of caged cats through environmental management: The housing room. Judith Stella, Megan LaFollette and Candace Croney
Agricultural Animal Bioethics
- Is Restraint with a Lip Twitch Aversive to Horses? Joanna Rogowski, Chloe Wires, Janice Kritchevsky, Candace Croney
- Factors Affecting Perceptions of Animal Welfare in Developing Countries. Lynda Mugenda and Candace Croney